Unani System of Medicine uses the unique holistic diagnostics comprising history, physical examination, pulse and inspection of urine and stool. History taking and physical examination are undertaken according to general parameters and specific parameters required by the particular problem of the patient, guided mainly by the ‘Ten Fundamental Categories’ (Ajnäs ‘Ashara).

Unani medicine is based on the presence of the four elements fire, water, earth, and air. These elements are present in all aspects of life and in the body.